Managing Information Overload - 1140 Words

Social-Technical Perspective: A solution for Managing Information Overload In my opinion, organizations are likely to find better solutions thru informational overload using technical and social systems. Information overload has an ability to cause negative effects on an organizations performance. Within, technical and social systems there are a collection of complex components that solve problems within that system. Knowledge management uses the combination and utilization of technology at every phase that is available within the organization. Social and technical framework for management of knowledge is an appropriate method than an organization can use to handle problems due to information overload. In using both a social and†¦show more content†¦This leads the organization to stress and anxiety. (Blair 2010) This makes it challenging for the employees to comprehend the priorities in an organization and focus on the tasks that are achieved. Within reference to the introduction of the module, socio-technological design can be effective in the diagnosis of information overload that are present and not present in other organizations. Without knowledge in an organization nothing is possible and it is necessary to identify which place and at what extent the challenge exists within an organization. For example, within an organization knowledge is in repositories, documents, routines, practices, and processes. Social interaction among members plays a huge role in searching for knowledge. Knowledge management assists in renewing, developing, transferring, and sharing knowledge. This is based on produce value, economic wealth, and organizational performance. (Becerra-Fernandez a mp; Sabherwal, 2010) This process creates value from its intellectual and knowledge based assets. Knowledge management leverges knowledge within an organization to provide a competititive edge. The fuctions within knowledge management acheives the goals of an organization to acquire additional knowledge within its operations toShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Email Overload And The Lean Solution1748 Words   |  7 PagesNegative effects of email overload and the LEAN solution Email is one of the most disruptive tools that professionals use daily. In this technologically advanced world, most companies use email as the main source of communication to send messages, word documents, images, and other files. The use of e-mail has even surpassed the use of verbal communication in many organizations (MacNevin, 2007). The problem starts with the culture surrounding email. People feel the need to respond to an email theRead MoreThe Effect Of Dss On The Corporate World989 Words   |  4 PagesUses of DSS in the Corporate World The extensive use of DSS is pertinent to business and management. Information systems of executives and other business performance software require faster decision making, identification of negative trends, and better allocation of business resources. Informative data from any organization is represented in the form of charts and graphs in a summarized way due to DSS, which helps the management make strategic decisions. The evolution of DSS consists of four generationsRead MoreScientific Management ( Sm ) And Human Relations1053 Words   |  5 PagesScientific Management (SM) and Human Relations (HR) are two contrasting approaches to managing people in an organisation. SM believes that an organisation’s performance can be maximised by applying scientific principles to management. However, HR believes that the best way to maximise an organisation’s productivity is to respect workers and value their needs. With that being said, both approaches have different beliefs a nd assumptions about workers in an organisation. Frederick W. Taylor, the ‘father’Read MoreHealth Records And Changing Health Care Delivery Systems911 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Health Information Services, rapid changes have swept the industry through electronic health records and changing health care delivery systems. Due to these changes, such employees have seen their jobs change drastically and this has become a major issue for the industry. Redesigning jobs can be effective or counter-productive. If they overload and stress people then they can see productivity plummet. However, if people become to specialized with monotonous duties, they can also see productivityRead MoreThe Summation Of Stress Occurrences Essay1452 Words   |  6 Pagesexpectations can lead to role overload. Role overload is defined as having not enough time and resources to fulfill a given task. For the most part, people what to contribute and succeed. 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Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior, Patterns of Demand and Purchase Coursework

Essays on Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior, Patterns of Demand and Purchase Coursework The paper â€Å"Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior, Patterns of Demand and Purchase " is a  motivating version of coursework on marketing. Consumer behavior research enables better understanding and forecasting not only of the subject of purchases but also of purchasing motives and purchasing frequency (Schiffman, Kanuk 2004). One of the present fundamental presumptions for the consumer behavior research is the fact, that people often buy products not because of their main function but for their subjectively perceived value (Stà ¡vkovà ¡, Stejskal, and Toufarovà ¡, 2008). There are a lot of factors influencing consumers through the decision-making process. The literature classifies and structures these factors in various ways. From the point of view o the marketing planner, the mix of cultural, social, personal and psychological factors that influence behavior are largely uncontrollable. Given the fact that the influence they exert upon patterns of buying behavior, it would automatically become essentially that as many efforts as possible are put into the creation of an understanding of how these factors interact with each other and ultimately the manner in which they influence purchasing behavior. Factors influencing Consumer BehaviorCultural FactorsThe most fundamental of the four influencing factors and the therefore logically the starting point for any analysis of consumer behavior patterns is the buyer’s set of cultures. The factors of culture would include the culture, sub-culture, and social class. Of these it is the culture of the society that typically would be the most fundamental and enduring influence on behavior, given the fact that human behavior is very largely the result of our socialization, initially within the family and then increasingly within a series of other institutions such as schools, friendships groups, clubs and so on (Gilligan and Wilson, 2009). The broad set of values would be influenced in turn by the subcultures in which one is developed-these would include nationality groups, religious groups, racial groups, and geographical areas. Finally, the impact of the sub-cultures is ultimately defined by a third set of variables-those of social s tratification and in particular those of social classes. The idea here is based on the simple assumption that people within a given particular social class are more similar than those from different social classes and that the tastes and the demands of a group from a particular class would determine the ultimate taste and demand pattern of a given individual. Psychological factorsThese factors deal with the psychological processes that are built into the individual consumer’s system. The important aspect to be noted with respect to these psychological factors is that these factors are interlinked and these interlinkages result in behavior. For example, though perceptions and attitudes are conceptually different in terms of their applications in the marketing context, attitudes also contain a perceptual component (Kumar, 2008). The body of consumer behavior views them distinctively to focus on specific applications. This is done to provide conceptual clarity to students of consumer behavior views them distinctively to focus on specific applications; this is done to provide the student of consumer marketing a clear perspective. Personally, concepts are important among psychological factors because they pack a brand with an emotional appeal to the appropriate target segment of consumers. In most categories, consumers do not just look for functional benefits. They also look for symbolic gains-which are those that consumers perceive as beyond the functional qualities of a brand. These may be emotional in nature, might remove around self-concepts, be associated with brand appeal, or with human traits. The personality for the brand formulated with the personality or reference group principles may be reflected through brand imagery. Brand imagery is strongly associated with perception. As stated earlier this also illustrates the fact that psychological factors are interlinked.

Legal and Professional Issues †Manager of an IT company Free Essays

You are a manager with an IT company supplying information management systems to medical practices. A company marketing health-related products (complementary medicines, books on diets and ‘miracle’ cures of various kinds) has approached you. They suggest that you jointly offer doctors incentives to accept a feature in your system that will print out advertisements for their products on documents for patients and target different categories of patients with mailings. We will write a custom essay sample on Legal and Professional Issues – Manager of an IT company or any similar topic only for you Order Now Content Page Title Page Content Page Ethical Issues it raises for; * The individuals- doctors, IT manager 4 * The groups – marketing company, patients 4-5 Enquires which may be carried out in order to understand the problem better 5 Proposed ‘solution’ for the problem 5-6 Bibliography 7 Appendices 8-11 Manager of an IT company Ethical Issues it raises for; IT Manager * Data Protection Act 1998- â€Å"sensitive personal data† within the act states that ‘his physical or mental health or condition’1 should not be disclosed. See Appendices. * Human rights act 1998 * The act of ‘Bribery’, illegal in the UK. * Company should have made a legal binding to the medical practice to secure data leakage. * Ethics and Information Technology. See Bernhard Debatin in Appendices. * In relation to Mills theory- the consequences could lead to higher monitoring of privacy if the activity is disclosed. See Appendices. Doctors * Following the principle of Mills, again, the consequences could be increased monitoring of doctoring practice locally or through the UK. * Data protection act 1998 * Human rights act 1998 * Unspoken confidentiality agreement with patient (doctor/ patient relationship) * Medical ethical practices, as laid out by the General Medical Council http://www.gmc-uk.org/standards/default.htm. * Breaking position of patient/ doctor authority * Misinforming patients/ disclosing information about a product he/she may know little about i.e. not knowing the side affects and misinforming patients claiming a ‘miracle cure’. * Accepting a personal ‘incentive’ on behalf of patient confidentiality * Viewed as a high profile in society- should set a high ethical example * Potential- under Mills theory, of loosing the Doctor Status, respect and trust of the patients. Marketing Company * The British Code of Advertising Practice * Marketing ethical practices * Freedom of Information Act 2000 – could be viewed as ‘ethical’ for such medical information to be disclosed in Europe. Patients * Unspoken confidentiality agreement with doctor (doctor/ patient relationship) * Date protection Act 1998 as before * Human Rights Act 1998 as before * Doctor- medical professional, patient- not a medical professional, thus the acceptance of something neither may no much about would potentially occur * Names/ Address/ disabilities and/or illnesses being disclosed; private and personal information which could be very sensitive to the individual. Enquires which may be carried out in order to understand the problem better It would be beneficial to do all the following in order to understand the situation better: * Contact the marketing company to gain a comprehensive understanding of the products; if not, the manufacturer. * Conduct research to find out if the product(s) have been used elsewhere, and if so, what the results were. * Contact the NHS; what are the regulations behind the marketing of products within medical practises. As the governing body, has research been previously carried out on these products? * Contact the General Medical Council who protect/ guide doctors and patients. With thorough knowledge of ethical guidance procedures for doctors and patients, they claim doctors should along with many other things; o â€Å"Respect and protect confidential information [about patients] o Respect patients’ dignity and privacy o Avoid abusing your position as a doctor†2 * Speak to the doctors, ask them about the product and for them to speak to their peers in regard to the product- has others heard/used them. Proposed ‘solution’ for the problem There are a couple of steps that can be carried out in order to minimise the ethical dilemmas that are concealed within this problem; 1. The IT Manager [myself] could give the doctors details obtained from the company marketing health-related products so that they have the choice as to whether they carry out the advertising- it would then be their responsibility to ensure date protection. 2. The idea of disclosing patient information in my view [acting as the manager] is totally unethical, and will not even be taken into consideration; even with an incentive- it would put my profession as well as the medical practice under legal scrutiny. 3. The NHS could be contacted to see if it would be possible for the marketing company to operate through them, ensuring that nothing illegal/unethical is taking place, and thus increasing the financial position of the NHS, again, leaving the IT company out of the equation How to cite Legal and Professional Issues – Manager of an IT company, Papers

Home Work Essay Example For Students

Home Work Essay Home Work 1. In 2005 IBM had a return on equity of 26. 7 percent, whereas Hewlett-Packard’s return was only 6. 4 percent. Use the decomposed ROI framework to provide possible reasons for this difference based on the data below: IBM HP NOPAT/Sales 9. 0% 2. 7% Sales/Net Assets 2. 16 2. 73 Effective After-Tax Interest Rate 2. 4% 1. 1% Net Financial Leverage 0. 42 -0. 16 Answer: IBM Analysis Return on Operation Asset = NOPAT/sales * Sales/net assets = 9. 00%* 2. 16 =19. 44% Borrowing multiplier = ROA- EATR =19. 44%-2. 40% =17. 04% Return on Leverage = Borrowing multiplier * Net Financial leverage =17. 04%*0. 42 = 7. 15% ROE = ROA* Net Financial Leverage 26. 7% = X*0. 42 X=63. 57 ROA = 63. 57% Decompose the return on assets: ROA = Net income/Sales * Sales/Assets 63. 57 = X * 2. 16 Net income/Sales=29. 43% Hewlett Packard Analysis Return on Operation Asset = NOPAT/sales * Sales/net assets =2. 70%* 2. 70 =7. 37% Borrowing multiplier = ROA- EATR =7. 37%-1. 10% =6. 27% Return on Leverage = Borrowing multiplier * Net Financial leverage =6. 2 %*(0. 16) = -1. % ROE = ROA* Net Financial Leverage 6. 40% = X*(0. 16) X=-40% ROA = -40% Decompose the return on assets: ROA = Net income/Sales * Sales/Assets -. 40 = X * 2. 73 Net income/Sales=-14. 5% From the onset, it appears IBM’s 26. 7% return on equity indicate that its managers are generating more return for its shareholders than HP that have 6. 4 percent return on equity. In other to access the decomposed ROI framework above to provide the difference based on data of IBM and Hewlett Packard, we will need to assess certain drivers such as Return on Equit y/ Return on Asset which helps to measures a corporations profitability by revealing how much profit a company generates with the money shareholders have invested and how effect the corporate uses debt to increase it equity, that is return on leverage. Assess the amount of sales generated for every dollars worth of asset. This is done by measuring the two firms’ efficiency at using its assets in generating sales or revenue. That is, the higher the number the better. It also indicates pricing strategy; companies with low profit margins tend to have high asset turnover, while those with high profit margins have low asset turnover. After, careful analysis of the two firms, one could conclude IBM strategy is the best because the firm maintained a high profit margins which resulted to low asset turnover of 19. 4% ( 9% * 2. 16) while HP maintained a low profit margins tend to have high asset turnover of 7. 37%( 2. 70% * 2. 73). Financial leverage (FL) takes the form of a loan or other borrowings (debt), the proceeds of which are sometimes re-invested with the intent to earn a greater rate of return than the cost of interest. If the firms rate of return on assets (ROA) is higher than the rate of interest on the loan, then its retur n on equity (ROE) will be higher than if it did not borrow because assets = equity + debt. From the above analysis we could see that IBM ROA of 63. 75% is higher than that of HP -40%, this indicates that HP’s ROA is lower than the interest rate, and its ROE will be lower than if it did not borrow firm. We can also conclude that the two firms have different financing policy because IBM has a net financial leverage of 0. 42 that of HP is (0. 16). One could tell that IBM strategy is effective because the company is taking advantage of debt financing; one of the best way to run a business, while HP maintain more of cash than debt financing. .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 , .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 .postImageUrl , .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 , .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8:hover , .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8:visited , .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8:active { border:0!important; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8:active , .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8 .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8fbc0ff54df5fc8c8426a65a0b9a54a8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Smartphone Security EssayIBM strategy gave the firm more advantage because Leverage allows greater potential returns to the investor Net Profit Margin The ratio of net income to sales is the profit margin which is indicates how much the company is able to keep as profit for each dollar of sales it makes. IBM’s higher net profit margin of 29. 43 percent is an indication of its higher profitability level than HP’s negative net profit margin of 14. 65 percent. 2. In a period of rising prices, how would the following ratios be affected by the accounting decision to select LIFO, rather than FIFO, for inventory valuation? * Gross Margin- Using LIFO will result in lower gross margin versus a higher gross margin if FIFO is used. * Current Ratio. Current ratio is lower under LIFO because inventory is understated. * Asset Turnover – Inventories will be understates causing turnover ratio to increase. * Debt-to-equity ratio- Using LIFO will result in higher debt to equity ratio * Average tax rate – Has no significant impact